Air-motor.



No. 787,692. PATBNTED APR. 18, 1905.

J. L. PILLING.

AIR MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 190s. v

' a SHEBTSQ'SHBET 1.

y PATBNTED APR. 18, 1905. .1. L. BILLING.

AIR MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12. 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2,v

WITJVESSES l I 3% @y @maf/m 91iiarneys.

UNITED STAT-Es .Patented April 1s, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

AIR-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,692, dated April18, 1905.

Application filed September 12, 1903'. Serial No. 172,877.

To (all whom, may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMES LOWE PILLING, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bucyrus, county of Crawford, State of Ohio', have invented acertain new and useful lmprovement in Air-Motors; and l declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to motors; and it consists in the improvementshereinafter described.

An object of my improvements is to provide an oscillating engine thatmaybe readily and cheaply constructed and which' shall be durable andmechanically eficient. l attain this object in the device illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a section on the line 1l of Fig. 3, a portion of the side plate B being left in full. Fig. 2 isa diagrammatic representation of the ports and inlet-valve, showing thecylinders in their relative position thereto. Fig. 3 is a side elevationwith the side plate B removed, looking in the direction of the arrow 2 2of Fig. 1, one cylinder and aportion of one piston-rod being shown insection. Fig. 4 is a similar view to that of Fig. 3, the side plate Bbeing secured in place, a portion of the plate being brokenaway to showthe passages `therein, the cover-plate being removed from the projectionB. Fig. 5 is a section of the projection B and a portion of the plate Badjacent thereto. This section is taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 6. Fig.6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

The engine herein shown embodying my invention is designed especiallyasa motor for using compressed air, though steam may be used in it.

A is a hollow casing which may be inclosed by securing the side plate Bupon one side thereof. Vithin the casing 'A are pivoted two cylinders Gand G1,.connected to one crank-pin E upon the crank D upon the mainshaft C. The air or workinor fluid is exhausted from the cylinders intothe interior of the casing A and escapes therefrom through av port A. l

G G2 are trunnions upon the cylinders G or G2. One of said trunnions ispivoted in a bearing at the back of the casing A and the other in abearing in the side plate B.

G1 is a pin having a disk G3 at its inner end, which disk is formed intoa portion of a sphere at its inner surface and bears against the end ofthe trunnions G.

G5 is ahelical spring surrounding the pin G1.

G6 is a cap surrounding the pin G4 and bearing against the spring G5 andengaging by interior screw-threads with screw-threads upon a sleeve orbearing for the trunnions G.

G7 is a set-screw by which the cap GG may be iiXed in the position towhich it is adjusted.

On the inner surface of the side plate B is secured annular plates P P,the inner surfaces of which are faced off to form bearings for thebearing-surfaces G13 upon the cylinders G and `Ga, through whichsurfaces eX- tend the valve-ports G5.

The spring G5 acts to press the cylinder G toward the plate B and keepthe surfaces G13 in close contact with the inner surface of the annularplates P. Through the plates P eX- tend ports P with which register atthe proper time the ports G9, leading to the cylinders G or G5.

ln the plate B are formed passages B2 B3 B4 B5, Fig. 4.. The projectionB from `the plate B is formed with a cylindrical bore concentrictherewith and with thick-walls having longitudinal passages B11 B15 B15therein. These passages are open at their outer ends at the outer end ofthe projection B and are closed by a plate secured upon the outer end ofsaid projection and communicate with the bore of said projection,respectively, by ports H5 HG H1. The passage B11 communicates with thepassages B3 and B5 and the passage B15 with the passages B2 and B1.

B21 B21 B21 B21 are diaphragms separating the passages B3 and B1 and B2and B5. The

plates P are secured inside of and contiguous to the diaphragms B21 s0as to make a tight joint between the edges of said diaphragm and saidplates and so as to close the adjacent portions of passages B3 B1 and B2and IOO B5, which would otherwise be open to the interior of the plateB, so that the cores used in forming the passages may be readilyremoved. The passage B1 communicates directly with the interior of thecasing, as indicated most distinctly in.Fig. 5.

Hb is a Corliss valve in the bore of the projection B u on a spindle H,the lower end of which spind e is formed so as to be rectangular incross-section at the part indicated by H on the drawings.

The valve Hb is provided with a cavity which lits over the portion H ofthe spindle H, so as to be guided thereby. Within the portion H of thespindle H are Jformed apertures in which are placed helical springs H2,which act against the valve Hb to press the valve-faces H7 H2 againstthe Wall of the bore of the projection B.

B19 is the inlet-passage for the actuating fluid, as in this instancecompressed air. By turning the spindle H the valve Hb may be turned to aposition putting the ports HG into communication with the port H1, asindicated in Fig. 2, or it may be turned to a similar position, puttingthe port H5 in communication with the port H1. In the first case theport H5 is in communication with the actuating fluid and the port Hbwith the exhaust-port H1, as indicated in Fig. 2, and in the second casethe port H6 is in communication with such fluid and the port H5 with theexhaust-port.

B B9 are ports formed through a plate P adjacent to and upon oppositesides of a diaphragm B21.

B7 B8 B10 B13 B11 B12 are ports similar to ports B B2 and similarlylocated with reference to the other diaphragm B21.

In the position of the valve Hb shown in Fig. 2 the ports B6 B7 B12 B13are open to the working Huid, and the ports B8 B1 B10 B11 are open tothe exaustort H1.

When a port G2 o one of the cylinders registers with one of said portsthrough the plate P, that end of the cylinder receives the working iuidor communicates with the exhaust through said port. The port G1 at theopposite end of said cylinder is then in communication with theexhaust-port H4 or with the inlet-passage B12. In one case this is inproper position of the valve Hb to run the motor in one direction. Ifsaid valve is turned so as to alter the connection of the ports, asabove pointed out, the motor will be in adjustment to run in theopposite direction.

In oscillating engines the cylinders are vibrated about their trunnionsby the action of the piston-rod upon the cylinder at that part Wheresaid piston-rod passes through the y cylinder-head. This action causesthe piston-rod to act against the passage through the cylinder-head andenlarges it, causing a leak or injuring the packing in the stuffingbox.To provide against this, I have provided a piston G8 of conical orcup-shape form, and the cylinder-head is formed of conical form adaptedto extend into the groove of the piston when the piston is at that endof the cylinder, as indicated distinctly in Fig. 3. Thus I am able toobtain a long bearing for the piston-rod in the cylinderhead withoutextending the cylinder to an objectionable extent in this direction. Thecylinder-head at the other end of the cylinder is grooved out in anyusual form to receive the nut and projecting part of the piston G8, asindicated at G10. The pistonrods F are bored from their inner ends,forming cylindrical cavities F. At the center of the cylinder-headopposite to that in which is the stuffing-box is secured rigidly acylindrical rod G12, which extends and fits closely into the cavity F.This rod serves to strengthen the connection between the pistonrod andcylinder, and it also serves to compress air in the cavity F and cushionthe parts at one end of the piston-stroke, acting as a counterbalanceand maintaining the piston-rod parallel, thereby relieving wear on thestufIing-box.

What I claim is- 1. In an oscillating engine, a cylinder having abearing-surface on one side thereof having the ports therein, a trunnionupon the side of said cylinder opposite to said bearingsurface, a pinbearing at its center and end upon the end of said trunnion, anddeparting from the surface of the end of said trunnion toward theperiphery of its end, and a spring j acting to press said pin againstsaid trunmon.

2. In an oscillating engine, a cylinder having a bearing-surface on oneside thereof havin the ports therein, a trunnion upon the si e of saidcylinder opposite to said bearingsurface, a pin bearing at its centerand end upon the end of said trunnion and departing from the surface ofthe end of said trunnion, toward the periphery of its end, and a springacting to press said pin against said trunnion, and means for adjustingthe tension of said spring.

3. In an oscillating engine, a cylinder having a bearing-surface on oneside thereof having ports therein, a trunnion on the other side lying inaY cylindrical bearing, a pin having bearing-surfaces on its inner end,a cap over the outer end of said bearing provided with screw-threadsengaging with screw-threads connected with said cylinder, a springbearing against said pin and against said cap and means for securingsaid cap against accidental. movement, for the purpose described.

'4. In an oscillatin engine, the combination of the pivoted cy inder, apiston therein, a piston rod extending from said piston through one ofthe cylinder-heads, said piston-rod being provided with a longitudinalIOO cavity therein, a rod secured at one end to a cylinder-head andextending inward therefrom and into said cavity, for the purposedescribed.

5. In an oscillatin engine, the combination of the pivoted cy inder, apiston therein, a piston rod extending from said piston through one ofthe cylinder-heads, said piston-rod being provided with a longitudinalcavity therein closed at its outer end, a rod secured at one end to acylinder-head and extending inward therefrom and itting closely, in saidcavity, for the purpose described.

6. In an oscillating engine, a casing iliclosing the cylinders, a sideplate for said casing having passages therein, a projection from JAMESLowE PILLING.

Witnesses:

EDWARD VOLLRATH, MARY K. STREIB.

